Short for intrauterine insemination, also known as artificial insemination, it's a procedure when sperm is placed directly inside the uterus using a tiny instrument. It is also a form of assisted reproductive technology, otherwise known as ART.

They are both a form of ART, but while IVF extracts the egg outside of the woman's body to fertilize it, IUI doesn't extract the egg. Instead, the sperm is placed inside the uterus through a catheter.  

Generally speaking, the success rates of IVF are higher than that of IUI's, it is the most commonly suggested ART method for women over 40. Sometimes couples may have to experience more IUI cycles to conceive.  

IUI is considered a minimally invasive procedure, so patients normally will not need anesthesia or pain medication during treatment. Some may experience a mild pinch or ache when the catheter goes through the cervix, but that should be it.  

It's best recommended to ask your doctor the best method to proceed before booking the appointment. Each body and situation is different and may require a more in-depth diagnosis before proceeding.